11/25/2023 0 Comments Extreme race in cordobaBivariate analysis revealed that greater extreme income, race, and race + income concentrations increased the odds of preterm birth and infant mortality. Black women were most likely to reside in zip codes with greater extreme income concentrations, and moderate extreme race and race + income concentrations. ![]() Generalized linear mixed models were used to test the likelihood that ICE measures were associated with preterm birth or with infant mortality experienced by Black women residing in California. ![]() ICE scores were categorized into five quintiles based on sample distributions of these measures: quintile 1 (least privileged)–quintile 5 (most privileged). ICE scores range from − 1 (deprived) to 1 (privileged). The ICE was used to quantify privileged and deprived groups (i.e., Black vs. California birth cohort files were merged with the American Community Survey by zip code (2011–2012). The objective of this analysis was to assess if local measures of racial and economic segregation as proxies for structural racism are associated and preterm birth and infant mortality experienced by Black women residing in California. ![]() The Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE) measures spatial social polarization by quantifying extremes of deprived and privileged social groups using a single metric and has been shown to partially explain racial disparities in black carbon exposures, mortality, fatal and non-fatal assaults, and adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth and infant mortality. Research suggests that societal factors such as structural racism explain more variation in adverse birth outcomes than individual-level factors and societal poverty alone. Disparities in adverse birth outcomes for Black women continue.
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